Which belief describes the cause of disease as an attack by bacteria and viruses?

The belief that describes the cause of disease as an attack by bacteria and viruses aligns with Western medicine. This approach is grounded in scientific principles and evidence-based research, which emphasize the role of pathogens such as bacteria and viruses in causing illness.

Western medicine relies heavily on the understanding that many diseases result from infectious agents, and it employs diagnostic tools and treatments aimed at identifying and eliminating these pathogens. This perspective has led to significant advancements in medicine, including the development of vaccines, antibiotics, and other treatments that specifically target infectious diseases.

In contrast, the other healing systems mentioned—Ayurveda, homeopathy, and naturopathy—do not primarily focus on the germ theory of disease. Ayurveda is rooted in ancient Indian wisdom and considers a broader spectrum of bodily balance and energy imbalances. Homeopathy operates on the principle of "like cures like" and uses highly diluted substances to stimulate the body's healing response. Naturopathy focuses on natural remedies and the body's inherent ability to heal itself, without emphasizing the direct role of infectious agents like bacteria and viruses.

By understanding the principles of Western medicine, it's clear why this option is seen as the correct choice regarding the belief in disease causation related to bacteria and viruses.